Windows10系统 MySQL数据库安装 |
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Windows10系统 MySQL数据库安装
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目录 一、下载MySQL安装包 二、配置环境变量 三、my.ini配置 四、cmd指令安装MySQL数据库 一、下载MySQL安装包官网下载地址：mysql社区版； 下载红线圈起来的哪项： 
下载后解压，把解压包mysql-8.0.26-winx64复制到你觉得舒服的盘。 二、配置环境变量1、右键桌面的此电脑 > 找到高级系统设置 > 进入最下面环境变量(N)…> 找到系统变量选项框 点击Path再点击编辑 > 点击新建然后点击浏览找到你复制的解压包打开到bin文件夹 最后确定。 2、或者在控制面板找到系统 > 找到高级系统设置 > 进入最下面环境变量(N)…> 找到系统变量选项框 点击Path再点击编辑 > 点击新建然后点击浏览找到你复制的解压包打开到bin文件夹 最后确定。 提示：x:\xxxx\xxxx\bin 三、my.ini配置常见的配置： [mysql] # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集 default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] # 设置3306端口 port = 3306 # 设置mysql的安装目录 basedir=E:\\mysql-8.0.26-winx64\\bin # 设置 mysql数据库的数据的存放目录，MySQL 8+ 不需要以下配置，系统自己生成即可，否则有可能报错 datadir=E:\\mysql-8.0.26-winx64\\data # 允许最大连接数 max_connections=1000 # 服务端使用的字符集默认utf8 character-set-server=utf8 # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎 default-storage-engine=INNODB提示：复杂的配置如下 1、配置文件说明信息。 # CLIENT SECTION # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- [client] #password =1234 # pipe # socket=mysql # 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口 port=3306 default-character-set=utf8 [mysql] port=3306 # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集 default-character-set=utf8 # SERVER SECTION # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- [mysqld] # mysql服务端默认监听(listen on)的TCP/IP端口 port=3306 # 基准路径，其他路径都相对于这个路径；即MySQL的安装路径 basedir="D:\MySQL" # mysql数据库文件所在目录 datadir="D:\Mysql\data" # 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的utf-8字符集 character-set-server=utf8 # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎 default-storage-engine=INNODB # SQL模式为strict模式 sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION" # General and Slow logging. log-output=NONE general-log=0 general_log_file="WANGZHANGJIE.log" slow-query-log=0 slow_query_log_file="WANGZHANGJIE-slow.log" long_query_time=10 # Error Logging. log-error="WANGZHANGJIE.err" # mysql服务器支持的最大并发连接数（用户数）。但总会预留其中的一个连接给管理员使用超级权限登录， # 即使连接数目达到最大限制。如果设置得过小而用户比较多，会经常出现“Too many connections”错误。 max_connections=100 # 查询缓存大小，用于缓存SELECT查询结果。如果有许多返回相同查询结果的SELECT查询，并且很少改变表， # 可以设置query_cache_size大于0，可以极大改善查询效率。而如果表数据频繁变化，就不要使用这个，会适得其反 query_cache_size=0 # The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value # increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires. # Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files # allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in # section [mysqld_safe] table_open_cache=2000 # 内存中的每个临时表允许的最大大小。如果临时表大小超过该值，临时表将自动转为基于磁盘的表（Disk Based Table）。 tmp_table_size=20M # 缓存的最大线程数。当客户端连接断开时，如果客户端总连接数小于该值，则处理客户端任务的线程放回缓存。 # 在高并发情况下，如果该值设置得太小，就会有很多线程频繁创建， # 线程创建的开销会变大，查询效率也会下降。一般来说如果在应用端有良好的多线程处理，这个参数对性能不会有太大的提高。 thread_cache_size=9 # mysql重建索引时允许使用的临时文件最大大小 myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G # If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger # than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the # key cache method. This is mainly used to force long character keys in # large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index. myisam_sort_buffer_size=39M # Key Buffer大小，用于缓存MyISAM表的索引块。决定数据库索引处理的速度（尤其是索引读） key_buffer_size=8M # 用于对MyISAM表全表扫描时使用的缓冲区大小。针对每个线程进行分配（前提是进行了全表扫描）。 # 进行排序查询时，MySql会首先扫描一遍该缓冲，以避免磁盘搜索，提高查询速度， # 如果需要排序大量数据，可适当调高该值。但MySql会为每个客户连接发放该缓冲空间， # 所以应尽量适当设置该值，以避免内存开销过大。 read_buffer_size=64K read_rnd_buffer_size=256K # connection级参数（为每个线程配置），500个线程将消耗500*256K的sort_buffer_size。 sort_buffer_size=256K # InnoDB用于存储元数据信息的内存池大小，一般不需修改 innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=2M # 事务相关参数，如果值为1，则InnoDB在每次commit都会将事务日志写入磁盘（磁盘IO消耗较大）， # 这样保证了完全的ACID特性。而如果设置为0，则表示事务日志写入内存log和内存log写入磁盘的频率都为1次/秒。 # 如果设为2则表示事务日志在每次commit都写入内存log，但内存log写入磁盘的频率为1次/秒。 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 # InnoDB日志数据缓冲大小，如果缓冲满了，就会将缓冲中的日志数据写入磁盘（flush）。 # 由于一般至少都1秒钟会写一次磁盘，所以没必要设置过大，即使是长事务。 innodb_log_buffer_size=1M # InnoDB使用缓冲池来缓存索引和行数据。该值设置的越大，则磁盘IO越少。一般将该值设为物理内存的80%。 innodb_buffer_pool_size=97M # 每一个InnoDB事务日志的大小。一般设为innodb_buffer_pool_size的25%到100% innodb_log_file_size=48M # InnoDB内核最大并发线程数 innodb_thread_concurrency=9 # The increment size (in MB) for extending the size of an auto-extend InnoDB system tablespace file when it becomes full. innodb_autoextend_increment=64M # The number of regions that the InnoDB buffer pool is divided into. # For systems with buffer pools in the multi-gigabyte range, dividing the buffer pool into separate instances can improve concurrency, # by reducing contention as different threads read and write to cached pages. innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8 # Determines the number of threads that can enter InnoDB concurrently. innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000 # Specifies how long in milliseconds (ms) a block inserted into the old sublist must stay there after its first access before # it can be moved to the new sublist. innodb_old_blocks_time=1000 # It specifies the maximum number of .ibd files that MySQL can keep open at one time. The minimum value is 10. innodb_open_files=300 # When this variable is enabled, InnoDB updates statistics during metadata statements. innodb_stats_on_metadata=0 # When innodb_file_per_table is enabled (the default in 5.6.6 and higher), InnoDB stores the data and indexes for each newly created table # in a separate .ibd file, rather than in the system tablespace. innodb_file_per_table=1 # Use the following list of values: 0 for crc32, 1 for strict_crc32, 2 for innodb, 3 for strict_innodb, 4 for none, 5 for strict_none. innodb_checksum_algorithm=0 # The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have. # This option is useful when the main MySQL thread gets many connection requests in a very short time. # It then takes some time (although very little) for the main thread to check the connection and start a new thread. # The back_log value indicates how many requests can be stacked during this short time before MySQL momentarily # stops answering new requests. # You need to increase this only if you expect a large number of connections in a short period of time. back_log=70 # If this is set to a nonzero value, all tables are closed every flush_time seconds to free up resources and # synchronize unflushed data to disk. # This option is best used only on systems with minimal resources. flush_time=0 # The minimum size of the buffer that is used for plain index scans, range index scans, and joins that do not use # indexes and thus perform full table scans. join_buffer_size=256K # The maximum size of one packet or any generated or intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the # mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function. max_allowed_packet=4M # If more than this many successive connection requests from a host are interrupted without a successful connection, # the server blocks that host from performing further connections. max_connect_errors=100 # Changes the number of file descriptors available to mysqld. # You should try increasing the value of this option if mysqld gives you the error "Too many open files". open_files_limit=4110 # Set the query cache type. 0 for OFF, 1 for ON and 2 for DEMAND. query_cache_type=0 # If you see many sort_merge_passes per second in SHOW GLOBAL STATUS output, you can consider increasing the # sort_buffer_size value to speed up ORDER BY or GROUP BY operations that cannot be improved with query optimization # or improved indexing. sort_buffer_size=256K # The number of table definitions (from .frm files) that can be stored in the definition cache. # If you use a large number of tables, you can create a large table definition cache to speed up opening of tables. # The table definition cache takes less space and does not use file descriptors, unlike the normal table cache. # The minimum and default values are both 400. table_definition_cache=1400 # Specify the maximum size of a row-based binary log event, in bytes. # Rows are grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value should be a multiple of 256. binlog_row_event_max_size=8K # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its master.info file to disk. # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_master_info events. sync_master_info=10000 # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, the MySQL server synchronizes its relay log to disk. # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log writes to the relay log. sync_relay_log=10000 # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its relay-log.info file to disk. # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log_info transactions. sync_relay_log_info=10000记得在你的解压包下新建my.ini，将上面内容复制进去保存。 四、cmd指令安装MySQL数据库注意：环境变量和my.ini配置完成后才能进行下列操作 使用管理员模式： 右键左下角的windows10图标，找到Windows PowerShell(管理员)（A）打开： 1、输入cmd 回车； 2、输入 你的解压包所在的盘符（如：D:）回车； 3、输入 cd 你的解压包的bin文件夹的地址 回车（如：cd E:\mysql-8.0.26-winx64\bin ）； 提示：下列指令可以直接复制到cmd里 执行，一定要按顺序执行 4、初始化, 输入 : mysqld –initialize-insecure –user=mysql 你的解压包的下将生成一个data的文件夹。 如果你要重置数据库建议直接删除mysql解压包，重新复制一个，二次初始化会报错。 5、安装服务，输入： mysqld install 提示：删除服务：mysqld remove。 6、启动服务，输入： net start mysql 7登录数据库，输入： mysql -u root -p 因为初始化的原因，第一次是不需要密码的 直接回车； 8、修改登录密码 输入： SET PASSWORD = ‘你的密码’ ; 9、刷新权限 输入： flush privileges ; 10、退出 输入： qiut 或者 exit |
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